Utah Esthetician State Board Practice Exam

What does the term 'pathogenic' refer to?

1. Oxygen-reducing environments

2. Non-disease causing bacteria

3. Viral infections only

4. Disease causing bacteria

The correct answer is: Disease causing bacteria

The term 'pathogenic' specifically refers to organisms, particularly bacteria, that are capable of causing disease in a host. Pathogenic bacteria can invade the body, multiply, and produce toxins or other substances that can lead to various health conditions or infections. This definition is crucial to understanding the role of different microorganisms in health and disease. In contrast, other terms relate to non-disease-causing bacteria, specific types of infections, or environmental conditions that do not directly imply a disease-causing capability. For example, oxygen-reducing environments may refer to anaerobic conditions where certain bacteria thrive but does not denote their ability to cause disease. Non-disease causing bacteria can be beneficial, playing important roles in processes like digestion, while viral infections are distinct entities that are not covered under the term 'pathogenic' when specifically referring to bacteria. Understanding the definition of 'pathogenic' helps in recognizing which microorganisms pose health risks and the importance of infection control in a clinical setting.